13+ Differences Between Primary and Secondary Immune Response

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Primary and Secondary Immune Responses: What’s the Difference?

During an initial immune response, antigen activates naive B cells, which then develop into antibody-secreting cells which make antibodies unique for the antigen that triggered the response. While the same antigen stimulates memory B cells, a secondary immunological response is induced, resulting in the generation of more specific antibodies than in the first response.

Differences Between Primary and Secondary Immune Response

Characteristics	Primary Immune Response	Secondary Immune Response
Definition	The primary immune response is the reaction of the immune system when it comes into contact with an antigen for the first time.	The immune system’s reaction when it comes into contact with an antigen for the second and subsequent time is known as secondary immunological response.
Appearance	It is most commonly detected in lymph nodes and the spleen.	The bone marrow is the most affected, followed by the spleen and lymph nodes.
Occurrence	This occurs as a result of the antigen’s initial contact.	This occurs after a second and subsequent encounter with the same antigen.
Antibody Peak	The antibody level reaches its peak in 7-10 days.	The antibody level reaches its peak in 3-5 days.
Affinity of Antibody	They have a poor affinity for the antigens they are exposed to.	They have a strong preference for their antigens.
Responding Cells	B and T cells are naive	Memory B cells
Antibodies	The major immune response involves both thymus-dependent and thymus-independent antibodies.	In the secondary immune response, only thymus-dependent antibodies are involved.
Lag Phase	For a long time (4-7 days)	In summary (1-4 days)
Types of Antibodies	During the main immunological response, a considerable amount of IgM and a modest amount of IgG are produced.	During the secondary immune response, a considerable amount of IgG and a little amount of IgM, IgA, and IgE are created.
Amount of Antibody	In the first immune response, only a few antibodies are generated.	The subsequent immune response produces 100-1000 times extra antibodies.
Strength of the Response	A significant amount of IgM and a minor amount of IgG are produced during the major immunological response.	A significant amount of IgG and a minor amount of IgM, IgA, and IgE are produced during the secondary immune response.
Antibody level	The antibody level drops to the point where it may be undetectable.	Antibody levels tend to remain elevated for a longer period of time.

Primary and Secondary Immune Response Citations

https://www.mytutor.co.uk/answers/867/A-Level/Biology/What-is-the-difference-between-the-primary-and-secondary-immune-response
http://pediaa.com/difference-between-primary-and-secondary-immune-response/
https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-primary-and-vs-secondary-immune-response/
http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/difference/difference-between-primary–immune-response-and-secondary-immune-response-explained/11492
http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/immunology/difference-between-primary-and-secondary-immune-response-immune-response/27758

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