The Golgi apparatus has multiple names such as Golgi complex or Golgi body. The name is given on the name of the scientist, who discovered the organelle, i.e. Camillo Golgi. It is found in all the eukaryotic cells, plants as well as animals. They are membrane-bound organelle present in the cytosol of the cell. Let us … Read more
Intron Definition Introns are non-coding DNA sequences within a gene that are removed by RNA splicing during maturation of the RNA product. The term ‘intron’ refers to the intragenic region which is present within a gene. ‘introns’ as a term indicates both the DNA sequences within the gene and the corresponding sequence in RNA transcripts. … Read more
Plants and animals are built up of millions of cells, each with its own set of characteristics. A significant aspect that defines their modes of multiplication is that they are both eukaryotic cells, which means they have a genuine nucleus that is enclosed and separated from other organelles by a nuclear membrane. Plant Cell Diagram … Read more
Cytoplasm Description In cell biology, the cytoplasm is all of the material within a eukaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus. The material inside the nucleus and contained within the nuclear membrane is termed the nucleoplasm. The main components of the cytoplasm are: Cytosol (a gel-like substance). The organelles (the … Read more
Digestive System Definition The digestive system is uniquely designed to do its job, which is to turn the food into energy and nutrients that are essential for survival. Once the body absorbs the essential substances, it packages the solid waste for disposal through the bowel movement. Many organs work in complete harmony to let the … Read more
What is Photoperiodism ? Photoperiodism refers to the response of plants to the lengths of dark and light periods. Many angiosperms, or flowering plants, have a protein that can sense seasonal changes in light. A plant will flower depending on these changes in light levels. “Photoperiodism may be defined as the response of plants and … Read more
Plant Growth Regulators Definition Plant growth regulators may be defined as any organic compounds, which are active at low concentrations (1-10 ng / nl) in promoting, inhibiting or modifying growth and development. The naturally occurring (endogenous) growth substances are commonly known as plant hormones, while the synthetic ones are called growth regulator. Plant hormone is … Read more
Differentiation, Dedifferentiation, and Redifferentiation – Differentiation Cells from root apical & shoot apical meristem & cambium differentiate & mature, cells undergo structural changes (cell wall + protoplasm). E.g., to form a treachery element, cells lose protoplasm, develop strong, elastic, lignocellulosic 20 cell walls which carry water under extreme tension & long distance. Plants cells are … Read more
Plant Growth and Development : Definition Growth or Plant Growth is regarded as one of the most fundamental and conspicuous characteristics of a living being. What is growth? Growth can be defined as an irreversible permanent increase in size of an organ or its parts or even of an individual cell. Generally, growth is accompanied … Read more
Aerobic Respiration Glycolysis (Cytoplasm Krebs’s cycle (Mitochondria) Electron transport chain & oxidative phosphorylation It involves complete oxidation of P.A. by removing H Atom, leaving three molecules of CO2, and passing electron removed as part of H-atom to molecular O2 in ETS for ATP synthesis. The first process takes place in the matrix of mitochondria and … Read more